Hearing and Sound Localization in Animals

Review Articles

Heffner, H.E. & Heffner, R S. (2018). The evolution of mammalian hearing. In C. Bergevin & S. Puria (Eds.),听To the ear and back 鈥� Advances in auditory biophysics听(pp. 13000-1 to130001-8), AIP Conf. Proced. 1965. Melville NY: American Institute of Physics Publishing.

Heffner, H. E. & Heffner, R. S. (2016).听The evolution of mammalian sound localization.听Acoustics Today, 12, 20-27, 35.

Heffner, H. E. & Heffner, R. S. (2014).听The behavioral study of mammalian hearing.听In A. N. Popper & R. R. Fay (Eds.)听Perspectives on Auditory Research. Springer: NY, pp. 269-285.

Heffner, H. E. and Heffner, R. S. (2007).听Hearing ranges of laboratory animals.听Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science, 46, 11-13.

Heffner, H. E. & Heffner, R. S. (2008).听High-frequency hearing.听In P. Dallos, D. Oertel, and R. Hoy (Eds.)听Handbook of the Senses: Audition. Elsevier: NY, pp. 55-60.

Heffner, R. S. (2004).听Primate hearing from a mammalian perspective.The Anatomical Record Part A, 281A:1111-1122.

Heffner, H. E. and Heffner, R. S. (2003).听Audition. In S. F. Davis (Ed.)Handbook of Research Methods in Experimental Psychology, pp. 413-440. Blackwell: Malden, MA.

Heffner, H. E. and Heffner, R. S. (2001).听Behavioral assessment of hearing in mice.听In: J.F. Willott (Ed.)听Handbook of Mouse Auditory Research: From Behavior to Molecular Biology. (pp. 19-29). CRC Press: Boca Raton FL.

Heffner, H. E. (1998).听Auditory awareness in animals.听Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 57, 259-268.

Heffner, H. E. & Heffner, R. S. (1998).听Hearing. In G. Greenberg and M. M. Haraway (Eds.),听Comparative Psychology, A Handbook.听(pp. 290-303). Garland: New York.

Heffner, R. S. (1997).听Comparative study of sound localization and its anatomical correlates in mammals.听Acta Otolaryngological(Stockholm), Suppl. 532, 46-53.

Heffner, R. S., and Heffner, H. E. (1992).听Evolution of sound localization in mammals.听In D. B. Webster, R. R. Fay, and A. N. Popper (Eds.),听The Evolutionary Biology of Hearing.听(pp. 691-715). New York: Springer-Verlag.

Heffner, R. S. and Heffner, H. E. (1992).听Visual factors in sound localization in mammals.听Journal of Comparative Neurology, 317, 219-232.

Heffner, H. E., and Heffner, R. S. (1992).听Auditory perception.听In C. Phillips and D. Piggins (Eds.),听Farm Animals and the Environment.(pp.159-184). Wallingford UK: CAB International.

Heffner, R. S., and Masterton, R. B. (1990).听Sound localization in mammals: Brain-stem mechanisms.听M.A. Berkley and W.C. Stebbins (Eds.)听Comparative perception, Vol I: Basic Mechanisms.听(pp. 285-314). New York: Wiley & Sons.

Masterton, B., Heffner, H., and Ravizza, R. (1969).听The evolution of human hearing.听Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 45, 966-985.

Letters to the Editor

Heffner, H. E., & Heffner, R. S. (2018).听Comment on Greene et al.: Spatial hearing ability of the pigmented Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus): Minimum audible angle and spatial release from masking in azimuth.听Hearing Research,听370, 302-303.

Heffner, H. E. &听Heffner, R. S. (2017).听Comments on 鈥淜iller whale (Orcinus orca听) behavioral audiograms鈥�听[J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 141, 2387鈥�2398 (2017)] (L),听Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,听143, 500-503.听

Heffner, H. E. and听Heffner, R. S. (2010).听Response to Manley: An evolutionary perspective on middle ears.听Hearing Research, 270, 1.听

Heffner, R. S. and Heffner, H. E. (2010).听Explaining high-frequency hearing.听Anatomical Record, 293, 2080-2082.

Heffner, H. E. and听Heffner, R. S. (2005).听The sound-localization ability of cats.听Journal of Neurophysiology,听94, 3653-3655.听

Heffner, H. E. And听Heffner, R. S. (2004).听Reply to J. Guo and Y. Chen.Hearing Research, 198, 146-147.听

Audiograms

Heffner, R., Cumming, J. F., Koay, G. & Heffner H. E. (2020). Hearing in Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus): Sensitivity to infrasound. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 206, 899-906.

Heffner, R.S., Koay, G. & Heffner, H.E. (2020). Hearing and sound localization in Cottontail rabbits, Sylvilagus floridanus. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 206, 543鈥�552.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., & Heffner, H. E. (2019). Normal audiogram but poor sensitivity to brief sounds in mice with compromised voltage-gated sodium channels (Scn8a ^medJ). Hearing Research, 374, 1-4.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., & Heffner, H. E. (2019). Bats are unusually insensitive to short-duration, low-frequency tones. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 205, 583-594.

Heffner, H. E. & Heffner, R. S. (2017). Comments on 鈥淜iller whale (Orcinus orca) behavioral audiograms鈥� [J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 141, 2387鈥�2398 (2017)] (L),听Journal of the Acoustical Society of America听143, 500-503.

Heffner, H. E., Koay, G., & Heffner, R. S. (2016). Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulates) do not hear infrasound: The audiogram from 8 Hz to 10 kHz. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 202, 853-857.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., & Heffner, H. E. (2014).听Hearing in alpacas (Vicugna pacos): audiogram, localization acuity, and use of binaural locus cues.听Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 135, 778-788.

Hill, E. M., Koay, G., Heffner, R. S., & Heffner, H. E. (2014).听Audiogram of the Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) from 2 Hz to 9 kHz.听Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 863-870.

Heffner, H. E., Koay, G., Hill, E. M., and Heffner, R. S. (2013). Conditioned suppression/avoidance as a method for testing hearing in birds: the domestic pigeon (Columba livia).听Behavior Research Methods, 45, 383-392.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., & Heffner, H. E. (2013).听Hearing in American leaf-nosed bats. IV: The Common vampire bat,听Desmodus rotundus.Hearing Research,听296, 42-50.

Heffner, H. E. and Heffner, R. S. (2010).听Response to Manley: An evolutionary perspective on middle ears.听Hearing Research, 270, 1.

Heffner, R. S. and Heffner, H. E. (2010).听Explaining high-frequency hearing.听Anatomical Record, 293, 2080-2082.

Heffner Jr, H., and Heffner, H. E. (2010).听The behavioral audiogram of whitetail deer (Odocoileus virginianus).听Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 127, EL111-EL114.

Heffner, R.S., Koay, G. and Heffner, H.E. (2006).听Hearing in large (Eidolon helvum) and small (Cynopterus brachyotis) non-echolocating fruit bats.听Hearing Research, 221, 17-25.

Heffner, H. E. And Heffner, R. S. (2004).听Reply to J. Guo and Y. Chen.Hearing Research, 198, 146-147.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., and Heffner, H. E.. (2003).Hearing in American leaf-nosed bats. III: Artibeus jamaicensis.听Hearing Research.184, 113-122.

Koay, G., Heffner, R. S., Bitter, K. S., and Heffner, H.E. (2003).听Hearing in American leaf-nosed bats. II: Carollia perspicillata.听Hearing Research, 178, 27-34.

Koay, G., Heffner, R. S., Bitter, K. and Heffner, H. E. (2002). Hearing in the greater听spear-nosed bat, Phyllostomus hastatus: Audiogram, temporal integration, sound localization, and use of binaural cues. Abstracts of the Twenty Fifth Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, 25, 210.

Koay, G., Heffner, R.S., and Heffner, H.E. (2002).听Behavioral audiograms of homozygous medJ mutant mice with sodium channel deficiency and unaffected controls.听Hearing Research, 171, 111-118.

Koay, G., Bitter, K.S., Heffner, H.E., and Heffner, R.S. (2002). Hearing in American leaf-nosed bats. I: Phyllostomus hastatus.听Hearing Research, 171, 96-102.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., Diener, J., and Heffner, H. E. (2001). The ability of the听African hedgehog, Atelerix albiventris, to detect and localize pure tones. Abstracts of the Twenty Fourth Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, 24, 263-264.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., and Heffner, H. E. (2001).听Audiograms of five species of rodents: Implications for the evolution of hearing and the encoding of pitch.听Hearing Research, 157, 138-152.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., & Heffner, H. E. (1999). Normal audiogram but poor sensitivity to brief sounds in mice with compromised voltage-gated sodium channels (Scn8a听^medJ).听Hearing Research, 374, 1-4.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G, and Heffner, H.E. (1999). Temporal integration in the echolocating听Old World fruit bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus.听Abstracts of the Twenty Second Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, 29.

Jackson, L. L., Heffner, R. S., and Heffner, H. E. (1999).听Free-field audiogram of the Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata).听Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 106, 3017-3023.

Koay, G., Heffner, R. S., and Heffner, H. E. (1998).听Hearing in a megachiropteran fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus).听Journal of Comparative Psychology, 112, 371-382.

Koay, G., Heffner, H. E., and Heffner, R. S. (1997). Audiogram of the big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus).听Hearing Research, 105, 202-210.

Jackson, L. L., Heffner, H. E., and Heffner, R. S. (1997). Audiogram of the fox squirrel (Sciurus niger).听Journal of Comparative Psychology, 111, 100-104.

Heffner, H. E., Heffner, R. S., Contos, C., & Ott, T. (1994).听Audiogram of the hooded Norway rat.听Hearing Research, 73, 244-247.

Heffner, R.S., Heffner, H.E., Contos, C., & Kearns, D. (1994). Hearing in prairie dogs: transition between surface and subterranean rodents.Hearing Research, 73, 185-189.

Heffner, R. S. and Heffner, H. E. (1993).听Degenerate hearing and sound localization in naked mole rats (Heterocephalus glaber), with an overview of central auditory structures.听Journal of Comparative Neurology, 331, 418-433.

Heffner, R. S. and Heffner, H. E. (1992).听Hearing and sound localization in blind mole rats.听Hearing Research, 62, 206-216.

Heffner, R. S. & Heffner, H. E. (1991).听Behavioral hearing range of the chinchilla.听Hearing Research, 52, 13-16.

Heffner, R. S. & Heffner, H. E. (1990).听Hearing in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa) and goats (Capra hircus).听Hearing Research, 48, 231-240.

Heffner, R. S. & Heffner, H. E. (1990).听Vestigial hearing in a fossorial mammal, the pocket gopher, (Geomys bursarius).听Hearing Research, 46, 239-252.

Heffner, R. S. & Heffner, H. E. (1985).听Hearing range of the domestic cat.听Hearing Research, 19, 85-88.

Heffner, R. S, & Heffner, H. E. (1985).听Hearing in mammals: the least weasel.听Journal of Mammalogy, 66, 745-755.

Heffner, H. E., & Heffner, R. S. (1985).听Hearing in two cricetid rodents: wood rat (Neotoma floridana) and grasshopper mouse (Onychomys leucogaster).听Journal of Comparative Psychology, 99, 275-288.

Heffner, H. E., & Heffner, R. S. (1983).听The hearing ability of horses. Equine Practice, 5, 27-32.

Heffner, H. E. (1983).听Hearing in large and small dogs: Absolute thresholds and size of the tympanic membrane.听Behavioral Neuroscience, 97, 310-318.

Heffner, R. S., & Heffner, H. E. (1983).听Hearing in large mammals: Horses (Equus caballus) and cattle (Bos taurus).听Behavioral Neuroscience, 97, 299-309.

Heffner, R. S., & Heffner, H. E. (1982).听Hearing in the elephant: Absolute sensitivity, frequency discrimination, and sound localization.Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 96, 926-944.

Heffner, H., & Heffner, R. (1981). Functional interaural distance and high- frequency hearing in the elephant.听Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 70, 1794-1795.

Heffner, H., & Masterton, B. (1980).听Hearing in glires: domestic rabbit, cotton rat, feral house mouse, and kangaroo rat.听Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 68, 1584-1599.

Heffner, R., & Heffner, H. (1980). Hearing in the elephant (Elephas maximus),听Science, 208, 518-520.

Heffner, R., Heffner, H., & Masterton, B. (1971).听Behavioral measurements of absolute and frequency difference thresholds in guinea pig.听Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 4, 1888-1895.

Heffner, H., & Masterton, B. (1970).听Hearing in primitive primates: Slow Loris (Nycticebus coucang) and Potto (Perodictius potto).听Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 71, 175-182.

Heffner, H., Ravizza, R., & Masterton, B. (1969).听Hearing in primitive mammals, IV: Bushbaby (Galago senegalensis).听Journal of Auditory Research, 9, 19-23.

Heffner, H., Ravizza, R., & Masterton, B. (1969).听Hearing in primitive mammals, III: Tree shrew (Tupaia glis).听Journal of Auditory Research, 9, 12-18.

Ravizza, R., Heffner, H., & Masterton, B. (1969).听Hearing in primitive mammals, II: Hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus).听Journal of Auditory Research, 9, 8-11.

Ravizza, R., Heffner, H., & Masterton, B. (1969).听Hearing in primitive mammals, I: Opossum (Didelphis virginianus).听Journal of Auditory Research, 9, 1-7.

Sound Localization

Heffner, H. E., & Heffner, R. S. (2018). Comment on Greene et al.: Spatial hearing ability of the pigmented Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus): Minimum audible angle and spatial release from masking in azimuth.听Hearing Research,听370, 302-303.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., & Heffner, H. D. (2014).听Sound localization in common vampire bats: Acuity and use of the binaural time cue by a small mammal.听Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 137, 42-52.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., and Heffner, H. E. (2010).听Use of binaural cues for sound localization in large and small non-echolocating bats:听Eidolon helvum听and听Cynopterus brachyotis.听Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 127, 3837-3845.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., and Heffner, H. E. (2010).听Use of binaural cues for sound localization in two species of Phyllostomidae: The greater spear-nosed bat,听Phyllostomus hastatus, and the short-tailed fruit bat,听Carollia perspicillata.听Journal of Comparative Psychology, 124, 447-454.

Wesolek, C., M., Koay, G., Heffner, R. S., and Heffner, H. E. (2010).听Laboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus) do not use binaural phase differences to localize sound.听Hearing Research, 265, 54-62.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G. and Heffner, H. E. (2008). Sound localization acuity and its relation to vision in large and small fruit-eating bats: II Non-echolocating species, Eidolon helvum and Cynopterus brachyotis.听Hearing Research, 241, 80-86.

Heffner, H. E. and Heffner, R. S. (2005).听The sound-localization ability of cats.听Journal of Neurophysiology,听94, 3653-3655.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., Diener, J., and Heffner, H. E. (2001). The ability of the听African hedgehog, Atelerix albiventris, to detect and localize pure tones. Abstracts of the Twenty Fourth Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, 24, 263-264.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., and Heffner, H. E., (2001).听Sound-localization acuity changes with age in C57BL/6J mice.听In: J.F. Willott (Ed.) Handbook of Mouse Auditory Research: From听Behavior to Molecular Biology. (pp. 31-35). CRC Press: Boca Raton FL.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., and Heffner, H. E. (2001).听Sound localization in a new-world bat, Artibeus jamaicensis: acuity, use of binaural cues, and its relationship to vision.听Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 109, 412-421.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., and Heffner, H. E. (1999).Sound localization in an old-world fruit bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus: Acuity, use of binaural cues, and the relation to vision.听Journal of Comparative Psychology, 113, 297-306.

Koay, G., Kearns, D, Heffner, R. S., and Heffner, H. E. (1998).听Passive sound localization ability of the big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus).Hearing Research, 119, 37-48.

Jackson, L.L., Heffner, H.E., and Heffner, R.S. (1996). Species differences in the upper听limit of binaural phase听discrimination in mammals. Abstracts of the Nineteenth Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, 63.

Heffner, R. S., Koay, G., and Heffner, H. E. (1996).Sound localization in chinchillas, III: Effect of pinna removal.听Hearing Research, 99, 13-21.

Gandy, R.A., Heffner, R.S., and Heffner, H.E. (1995). Sound localization in听domestic rabbits:听Left/right, front/back, and vertical. Abstracts of the Eighteenth Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, 64.

Jackson, L.L., Heffner, H.E., and Heffner, R.S. (1995). Vertical sound localization in the听fox squirrel听(Sciurus niger). Abstracts of the Eighteenth Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, 64.

Heffner, R.S., Heffner, H.E., and Koay, G. (1995).听Sound localization in chinchillas, II: Front/back and vertical localization.听Hearing Research, 88, 190-198.

Heffner, R. S., Heffner, H. E., Kearns, D., Vogel, J. & Koay, G. (1994).Sound localization in chinchillas, I: Left/right discriminations.听Hearing Research, 80, 247-257.

Heffner, R. S. & Heffner, H. E. (1993).听Degenerate hearing and sound localization in naked mole rats (Heterocephalus glaber), with an overview of central auditory structures.听Journal of Comparative Neurology, 331, 418-433.

Heffner, R. S. & Heffner, H. E. (1992).听Hearing and sound localization in blind mole rats.听Hearing Research,听62, 206-216.

Heffner, R. S. & Heffner, H. E. (1992).听Hearing in large mammals: Sound-localization acuity in cattle (Bos taurus) and goats (Capra hircus).听Journal of Comparative Psychology, 106, 107-113.

Heffner, R. S. & Heffner, H. E. (1990).听Vestigial hearing in a fossorial mammal, the pocket gopher, (Geomys bursarius).听Hearing Research, 46, 239-252.

Heffner, R. S., & Heffner, H. E. (1989).听Sound localization, use of binaural cues and the superior olivary complex in pigs.听Brain, Behavior and Evolution,听33, 248-258.

Heffner, R. S., & Heffner, H. E. (1988). Interaural phase and intensity discrimination in the听horse听using dichotically presented stimuli. Abstracts of the Eleventh Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, 233.

Heffner, R. S., & Heffner, H. E. (1988).听Sound localization acuity in the cat: Effect of azimuth, signal duration, and test procedure.听Hearing Research, 36, 221-232.

Heffner, R. S., & Heffner, H. E. (1988).听Sound localization and the use of binaural cues by the gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus).听Behavioral Neuroscience, 102, 422-428.

Heffner, R. S., & Heffner, H. E. (1988).Sound localization in a predatory rodent, the northern grasshopper mouse (Onychomys leucogaster).Journal of Comparative Psychology, 102. 66-71.

Heffner, R. S., & Heffner, H. E. (1987). Auditory function in听albino cats. Abstracts of the Tenth Midwinter Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, 217.

Heffner, R. S., & Heffner, H. E. (1987).听Localization of noise, use of binaural cues, and a description of the superior olivary complex in the smallest carnivore, the least weasel (Mustela nivalis).听Behavioral Neuroscience, 101, 701-708, 744-745.

Heffner, R. S., & Heffner, H. E. (1986).听Localization of tones by horses: Use of binaural cues and the superior olivary complex.听Behavioral Neuroscience, 100, 93-103, 137.

Heffner, H. E., & Heffner, R. S. (1985).听Sound localization in wild Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus).听Hearing Research, 19, 151-155.

Heffner, H. E., & Heffner, R. S. (1984).听Sound localization in large mammals: Localization of complex sounds by horses.听Behavioral Neuroscience, 98, 541-555.

Heffner, R., Heffner, H., & Stichman, N. (1982).Role of the elephant pinna in hearing,听Animal Behaviour, 30, 628-630.

Auditory Perception

Heffner, H., & Whitfield, I. C. (1976).听Perception of the missing fundamental by cats.听Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 59, 915-919.

Heffner, H. (1975).听Perception of meaningful sounds by dogs.听Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 58, 124.听

Methods

Heffner, H. E., Koay, G., Hill, E. M., and Heffner, R. S. (2013). Conditioned suppression/avoidance as a method for testing hearing in birds:the domestic pigeon听(Columba livia).Behavior Research Methods, 45, 383-392.

Heffner, H. E., Koay, G., and Heffner, R.S. (2006).听Behavioral assessment of hearing in mice 鈥� Conditioned suppression.听In J. Crawley et al. (Eds.)听Current Protocols in Neuroscience.听Suppl. 34, (pp. 8.21D.1-8.21D.15.) Wiley & Sons:NY.

Heffner, H. E. & Heffner, R. S. (1995).Conditioned avoidance.听In G. M. Klump, R. J. Dooling, R. R. Fay, and W. C. Stebbins (Eds.),听Methods in Comparative Psychoacoustics.听(pp. 73-87). Birkh盲user:Basel.

Thompson, M., Porter, B., O'Bryan, J., Heffner, H. E., & Heffner, R. S. (1990).听A syringe-pump food-paste dispenser.听Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 22, 449-450.

Thompson, G., Heffner, H., & Masterton, B. (1974). An automated localization chamber.听Behavior Research Methods and Instrumentation, 6, 550-552.

向日葵视频

Department of Psychology